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As more employees return to the office, some find themselves dealing with limited space — and bed bugs.
While open floor plans are now trendy, people used to sit in small cubicles.
Offices once had typing pools with dozens of typewriters. By 2025, we will all own laptops.
Thanks to the popularity of shows like “Mad Men” and “Masters of Sex,” people like to see what offices looked like in the last century…often through thick clouds of cigarette smoke.
Before emails, Teams calls, and Slack, messengers wearing roller skates passed notes between office workers, while laptops were preceded by typewriters, calculators, and stacks of paper.
And while some office complexes for today’s big companies—think Nvidia’s futuristic office in Santa Clara or Apple’s headquarters in Cupertino—feature expansive tree-filled atriums or outdoor amenities like swimming pools and volleyball courts, some 20th-century office workers were lucky if they had a window.
These vintage office photos reveal how far companies have come when it comes to technology, interior design, and even security.
See what your office might have looked like decades ago.
A glaring difference between offices today and those of 1940? Cigarettes were everywhere.
In the 1940s, smoking was commonplace in the office. Fox Photos/Getty Images
When Gallup surveyed among American adults in 1944, 41% reported smoking — compared to about 11% of American adults who smoked in 2022, according to the CDC.
So by the mid-20th century, smoking was common everywhere, from grocery stores to homes to workplaces.
However, it would be difficult to find an office building that would allow people to light up at their desks.
Pipes were also common. Today, offices have designated outdoor areas for smoking.
American scientist Edward Wilber Berry lit a pipe at work in the 1930s. Hulton Archives/Getty Images
The popularity of the traditional tobacco pipe has continued to decline since the 1990s, although it is making a comeback among hipsters, The Times of London reported in 2024.
Before every office had a computer, there was more space to spread out documents.
By 1935, drawing boards, slide rules, squares and various objects were in use in a busy design office. Hulton Archives/Getty Images
This image of a design office from 1935 is a far cry from the technology-intensive workplaces of 2025.
An open-plan office used to be a little different.
The typing pool in the offices of British retailer Marks & Spencer in 1959. Bert Hardy Advertising Archive/Getty Images
Now, an open-plan office typically has giant tables with multiple stations, not individual desks.
Before electronic tickers made it possible to view the stock market in real time, employees printed news on ticker tape for distribution.
The New York Stock Exchange ticker was transmitted simultaneously to 2,000 vending machines in 320 cities in 1937. Three Lions/Getty Images
THE last ticker was released in 1960 – they were first invented by Thomas Edison in the late 1800s.
The ticker has two legacies that continue in 2018. First, the stock prices that appear at the bottom of your TV screen are still called stock symbols. And second, the ticker got a second life when New Yorkers discovered that the ticker produced excellent confetti.
Ticker parades still take place, but shredded paper is used instead.
Back then, it was much more difficult to transcribe calls.
Secretaries simultaneously typed and made phone calls using the Beoton telephone amplifier in 1960. Keystone/Getty Images
This secretary appears to be writing down a conversation she is having with someone on the phone, which she is listening to using a proto-speaker.
Today, there are apps that allow you to record a phone conversation, and headphones save you the need to broadcast the conversation to everyone around you.
This phone amplifier is also obsolete: most phones now come with built-in speakers.
As technology advanced, each office came equipped with its own typewriter.
A room full of workers testing typewriters before leaving the factory, circa 1937. London Express/Getty Images
The typewriter was invented in 1867 but did not become popular until a few decades later, during the Industrial Revolution. It became people’s job to record facts and figures, and the typewriter was the easiest way to do this.
They have remained popular for over 100 years.
Accountants used a combination of computers, typewriters and calculators.
Women at work in the accounting room in 1970s Los Angeles. Hulton Archives/Getty Images
If you look closely, you may notice that all of these accountants are women, a trend that still prevails.
In 2022, 86.7% of accountants were women, according to United States datawhich cited US Census Bureau data, so maybe not everything has changed.
When typewriters became obsolete, offices installed computers and cubicles, which gave people some privacy.
Do you remember the cabins? Michael L. Abramson/Getty Images
Cubicles first entered our lives in 1968, when they were invented by Robert Propst, who wanted to improve the typical open office. He believed the cabins would increase productivity and give workers privacy.
At first, the cabins collapsed. But when companies realized that using cubicles would increase the number of people who could cram into a space, they really took off. The 80s and 90s were a boom time for cabins.
Today, many offices have abandoned them in favor of the original open offices – just take a look at the offices of Shopify, DropBox, or even Business Insider.
However, more recent efforts have been made to bring back the cabins.
Before email and Slack, some offices communicated via messengers who were given roller skates to speed up the process.
A famous New York cable company equipped its messengers with roller skates, increasing its delivery speed by 25%. Fox Photos/Getty Images
Probably due to the violation of dozens of workplace safety protocols and the advent of computers, office roller skating is a thing of the past.
This office had a designated “tea lady” who walked around providing refreshments.
Tea lady Alice Bond provided refreshments to office workers in 1976. Mr. Fresco/Evening Standard/Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Some offices still offer incredible perks.
Now everything is digital and located in the cloud. But for years, all important documents had to have physical copies.
This was a record keeping machine used in 1936. Henry Griffin/AP Images
This machine processed 80 individual files per minute. Now data can be uploaded to the cloud in seconds.
Phone booths seem so old fashioned today.
Three people made phone calls from transparent phone booths in 1959. Walter Lindlar/AP Images
These transparencies still look cool, to be clear.
Typewriters too.
British film scholar and Daily Express film critic Ian Christie in his office in 1968. Daily Express/Hulton Archives/Getty Images
But maybe they will come back. As Business Insider’s Hannah Towey pointed out in 2021, physical media items like disks, typewriters, and cameras were all in high demand.
Note the ashtray, rotary phone and old-fashioned radio: it’s a far cry from what your typical office looks like today.
This is the most ’70s office setup imaginable. Barnes/Daily Express/Getty Images
It’s impossible to overstate how different our workspaces were just 30 years ago.
We wonder: how different will they be in 10, 15 or 30 years?